
If you’ve ever noticed how the sound of a fire truck’s siren has a higher pitch when it approaches you than when it moves away, this is due to the Doppler effect. In this case, when the vehicle is approaching you at a high speed, the number of sound wave that reach your ear over a period of time is increased. When it moves away, that number is then decreased. The actual wave frequency hasn’t changed, but your frame of reference has.
A Doppler sensor takes this somewhat interesting concept and turns it into useful information about a moving object’s speed relative to it. There are some pretty inexpensive ones to be found on eBay — like the CDM324 module — but they’re not more easily available than that yet. It seems these CDM324 modules do require a bit more circuitry for operation.
It’s becoming a rule that if you can find a cheap sensor, there’s a breakout board somewhere to make it easy to use. As outlined in his build writeup, Stephan Electronics has taken care of this extra circuitry in a tiny 3D-printed package. This module gives you a reflected frequency output to tell you a subject’s speed, as well as a voltage output proportional to the reflected signal’s strength. The result is very reliable sensing from this Doppler module despite somewhat lacking details in the OEM’s datasheet. See for yourself below.





If you’d like to interface with “normal” equipment via a microcontroller, simply plugging in an IR LED to a microcontroller development board can work. For something a little more refined, the 




