The NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) is an American government organisation that operates a nationwide network of radio stations. Weather service warnings and hazard forecasts are broadcast 24/7 from these stations on the VHF band from 162.400-162.550MHz. The broadcasts include warnings and post event information for earthquakes, floods, and chemical spills etc. In the event of such a disaster, the power grid and internet may well go down, leaving good old radio as the best way to receive the latest updates on a situation.
The messages transmitted by the NOAA are encoded using the SAME (Specific Area Message Encoding) protocol. Ready-made receivers are available for working with SAME messages but if you want to add a computer in to the mix, the NOAA weather receiver for the Raspberry Pi has you covered. This add-on board can pick up the NOAA transmissions and decode the SAME packets for you. A speaker is included with the option of a headphone jack instead. Two 5 amp relays are also included in case you want to trigger a really loud alarm and some lights in the event of an impending disaster.
The SAME protocol lets you pick and choose which areas and which type of emergencies you want to be alerted about. Pair this with some Python code and there are a whole host of interesting projects opened up! For more information on the NOAA weather transmissions check out http://www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr/